Why are written and spoken versions of many words in English so different?

The difference between the written and spoken forms of many English words arises from several historical and linguistic factors:

1. **Etymology and Language Evolution**: English is a language with a complex history, influenced by Old English, Latin, French, Norse, and other languages. As English evolved, the pronunciation of words changed over time, but the spelling often remained the same or changed more slowly. This created a gap between how words are spelled and how they are pronounced.

2. **The Great Vowel Shift**: One of the most significant changes in English pronunciation occurred between the 15th and 18th centuries, known as the Great Vowel Shift. During this period, the pronunciation of long vowels in English changed drastically, but the spelling largely stayed the same. This explains why vowels in words like "name" or "time" are pronounced differently than they would be if spelled phonetically.

3. **Influence of Printing and Standardization**: When the printing press was introduced to England in the 15th century, the spelling of words began to standardize, but this happened during a time of linguistic transition. The fixed spellings were based on older pronunciations, even as the spoken language continued to evolve.

4. **Borrowed Words**: English has borrowed extensively from other languages, often retaining the original spelling even as the pronunciation adapted to English phonetics. For example, "debt" comes from the Latin word "debitum," and the "b" was reintroduced in the spelling to reflect its Latin origin, even though it's not pronounced.

5. **Silent Letters**: Many English words contain silent letters due to historical pronunciation that has since changed. For instance, the "k" in "knight" was once pronounced, as was the "gh," but both have become silent over time.

6. **Spelling Reforms and Resistance**: Over time, there have been efforts to reform English spelling to make it more phonetic, but these efforts have generally been resisted. The result is a language where spelling often reflects older or foreign pronunciations rather than the current spoken form.

7. **Dialects and Regional Variations**: English pronunciation can vary significantly across different regions, leading to further discrepancies between how words are pronounced locally and how they are spelled.

These factors combined have led to a language where the written and spoken forms of many words can seem quite different. Despite this, the system is learned and understood by native speakers through exposure and practice.

Renu sundriyal 

Renu sundriyal  We could go on with many other reasons, but the TLDR version is that English has changed over time in an uneven manner, and sometimes older spellings or foreign pronunciations stick around after that has changed for similar words. That creates differences.

Written and spoken version of many words in English is different because english language is spoken around the world also english spoken in United States of America and in United kingdom is different. Likewise British English is different from Indian English.The changes made in language at various nations made the English language so different in general.