What is the pattern of upsc main IAS exam?

The UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) Civil Services Main Examination (IAS Main Exam) consists of nine papers, out of which seven papers are compulsory and two papers are optional. Here's an overview of the pattern of the UPSC Main Examination:

1. Compulsory Papers: a. Paper A - Indian Language: This paper tests candidates' proficiency in an Indian language chosen by the candidate from the languages included in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution. This paper is of qualifying nature and the minimum qualifying standards are set by the UPSC.

   b. Paper B - English: Similar to Paper A, this paper also tests candidates' proficiency in English. It is also of qualifying nature and the minimum qualifying standards are set by the UPSC.

   c. Essay (Paper I): Candidates are required to write two essays, each carrying 125 marks. Topics for essays can be selected from a wide range of subjects, including current affairs, social issues, philosophical topics, etc.

   d. General Studies Papers (I to IV):

   • General Studies Paper I: Covers Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.
   • General Studies Paper II: Covers Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice, and International Relations.
   • General Studies Paper III: Covers Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management.
   • General Studies Paper IV: Covers Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude.

2. Optional Papers (Two Papers):

   • Candidates are required to choose one optional subject from the list provided by the UPSC. Each optional subject consists of two papers, Paper I and Paper II, each carrying 250 marks. The optional subjects cover a wide range of disciplines including Literature, History, Geography, Political Science, Economics, Philosophy, etc.

3. Interview (Personality Test):

   • Candidates who qualify the Main Examination are called for the Personality Test, commonly known as the interview. It is conducted by the UPSC board to assess the candidate's personality, suitability for a career in the civil services, mental alertness, critical powers of assimilation, clear and logical exposition, balance of judgment, variety and depth of interest, ability for social cohesion and leadership, intellectual and moral integrity.

The UPSC Main Examination is conducted in a descriptive format, where candidates are required to write essays, answer questions, and provide explanations in detail. The examination is designed to assess candidates' knowledge, analytical abilities, writing skills, and overall suitability for the civil services.