9. Explain term menstruation.

Menstruation is a natural biological process that occurs in females as part of the reproductive system. It involves the shedding of the uterine lining, known as the endometrium, which occurs approximately once a month in girls and women who are not pregnant. Menstruation is often referred to as a woman's menstrual cycle.

Here is an overview of the key aspects of menstruation:

1. Menstrual Cycle: The menstrual cycle is a recurring process that typically lasts about 28 days, although it can vary from person to person. The cycle is counted from the first day of one menstrual period to the first day of the next.

2. Menstrual Period: The menstrual period, or menstruation, is the phase during which the uterine lining is shed. It usually lasts for about 3 to 7 days. The blood, along with tissue from the uterine lining, is expelled from the body through the

3. Hormonal Changes: The menstrual cycle is regulated by hormonal fluctuations, primarily estrogen and progesterone. These hormones are produced by the ovaries, and their levels rise and fall throughout the menstrual cycle, influencing the changes in the uterine lining.

4. Ovulation: Around the middle of the menstrual cycle, typically around day 14, ovulation occurs. This is when an egg is released from one of the ovaries and is available for fertilization by sperm.

5. Menstrual Flow: If fertilization does not occur, hormonal changes trigger the shedding of the uterine lining. This results in menstrual bleeding.

6. Menstrual Products: Women use various menstrual products during their periods, such as tampons, pads, menstrual cups, or period , to manage menstrual flow and maintain hygiene.

Menstruation is a natural and healthy part of the female reproductive system. It typically begins during puberty, around the ages of 9 to 16, and continues until menopause, which usually occurs in the late 40s or early 50s. Menstruation is a sign of reproductive health and the ability to conceive, although it does not necessarily indicate fertility.