SQL SERVER: How To Pass Parameters To The Stored Procedure?

SQL SERVER: How To Pass Parameters To The Stored Procedure?

After so many years of existence of the stored procedures, I still see developers struggling to execute the stored procedure.
The most common mistakes developers do is to execute stored procedures as follows which generates the error.

EXEC NameofSP (FirstParam,SecondParam)

I can clearly understand why the above script preferred by developers. As most of the programming languages use the above syntax for calling a function, the developers often think it is the way to call stored procedures. However, if you try to call an SP with above syntax, it will give you an error.

There are two different methods to call stored procedures. Let us see them here, however before we do that, let us first create a sample SP which accepts two parameters.

Creating Stored Procedure

-- Create Stored Procedure

create PROCEDURE [dbo].[ShippedOrder] @salesid VARCHAR(50),@custid VARCHAR(50)
AS
SELECT a.[SalesOrderID], a.CustomerID, c.[Name],b.[OrderQty],a.[ShipDate]
FROM [SalesLT].[SalesOrderHeader] a INNER JOIN [SalesLT].[SalesOrderDetail] b
ON a.[SalesOrderID] = b.[SalesOrderID]
INNER JOIN [SalesLT].[Product] c ON b.ProductID = c.ProductID and a.[SalesOrderID]=@salesid and a.CustomerID=@custid
GO
Now let us see two different methods to call SP.

Method 1:
Let us run following statements, where the order of the parameters is a different order.

-- Execute SP
EXEC [AdventureWorksLT2012].[dbo].ShippedOrder 71780,30113
GO
EXEC [AdventureWorksLT2012].[dbo].ShippedOrder 30113,71780
GO

When you run above script, it will show us result where the order of the columns is changed as SP assigns the first params to the first parameters inside.

However, if you want to assign your passed parameters to specific variable inside SQL Server, you will have to mention that parameter as mentioned in the second method.In the first statement it will show the result but in second statement no output will come.

Method 2:

In this method when we execute the stored procedure, we also include the variable to which we want to assign parameter. This way is the certain way to assign value to parameter inside a SP.

-- Execute SP
EXEC AdventureWorksLT2012.dbo.ShippedOrder @salesid = 71780, @custid = 30113
GO
EXEC AdventureWorksLT2012.dbo.ShippedOrder @custid = 30113,@salesid = 71780
GO

Now when you execute this SP, you will get results in the same order in both the case as we have specified the parameters to assign when we passed variable values.