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What is meant by ‘limiting molar conductivity’?

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Limiting molar conductivity refers to the maximum molar conductivity that a solution of an electrolyte can achieve as the concentration approaches infinity (in the limit of infinite dilution). In other words, it's the molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution when it is so dilute that further...
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Limiting molar conductivity refers to the maximum molar conductivity that a solution of an electrolyte can achieve as the concentration approaches infinity (in the limit of infinite dilution). In other words, it's the molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution when it is so dilute that further dilution doesn't significantly affect its conductivity.

At infinite dilution, the ions in the solution are effectively isolated from each other, minimizing the influence of ion-ion interactions. Thus, the limiting molar conductivity provides a measure of the inherent conductivity of the ions themselves, independent of the specific conditions of the solution.

Mathematically, the limiting molar conductivity (Λ0Λ0) of an electrolyte can be determined using the Kohlrausch's Law of independent migration of ions:

Λ0=lim⁡c→0κcΛ0=limc→0cκ

where:

  • Λ0Λ0 is the limiting molar conductivity,
  • κκ is the conductivity of the solution, and
  • cc is the concentration of the electrolyte (which approaches zero as it tends towards infinite dilution).

Limiting molar conductivity values are often used to compare the conductivities of different electrolytes and to understand their behavior at low concentrations.

 
 
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