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Asked by Dr. Vishal Saini Last Modified
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Poonam Chauhan
If you want to feel relax while studying, you are at right path, I will make chemistry way muche
The answer to this question is more about the syntactical meaning of the word 'kernel' than the technical meaning.
There are many theories related to metallic bonding, one of them, called the 'electron sea theory', uses this term: kernel. If we see what kernel means in a non-scientific sense, it refers to the central part of a nut/seed. Using the same reference, we can use it for the metal cations when talking in the context of 'electron sea theory'. This refers to the part of each metal atom except the free electrons. You can call it a 'core' as well, and to some extent, you'd be right.
Now the question which remains is whether or not we can call these parts simply 'cations'. I answer this with another question: Why not? After all, these are (in this context) ions with positive charges, and that's what categorizes them under the definition of the term 'cations'.
I hope that helps.
The dictionary meaning of Kernel is "the central or most important part of something".
As you see in the above image, the positive ions are surrounded by the electrons, which are negatively charged. Here the positive ions or anions are at the centre, and valence electrons are outside. Therefore, positive ions are called Kernels and not cations.
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Kavitha Nagalapur
Chemistry teacher with 6 years of competitive exams training for class 11, 12th and M.Sc.(NET)
A kernel contains a positive charge and refers to an atom's nucleus and inner electrons (excluding the valence shell). The orbital of the valence shell overlaps with the orbital of another atom to form molecular orbitals in metallic bonding. Many of these orbitals develop, and valence electrons freely flow across them, forming the SEA OF ELECTRONS. Although electrons are not permanently attached to an atom, they are still present. They have not been distributed. The valence electrons in a Cation are lost/given away to form a full octet/duplet.
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