What are the essential Tamil greetings?

Tamil greetings are an important part of Tamil culture, and they can vary depending on the level of formality and the context in which they are used. Here are some essential Tamil greetings:

1. "வணக்கம்" (Vaṇakkam) - This is a common and respectful way to say "Hello" or "Greetings." It's suitable for both formal and informal situations.

2. "வணக்கம் சோதரரே" (Vaṇakkam cōtararē) - This is a warm way of saying "Hello, brothers and sisters." It's often used in a friendly or informal context.

3. "நல் இருக்கு" (Nal irukku) - This phrase means "Be well" or "Stay well." It's used to wish someone good health or to inquire about their well-being.

4. "அந்தரிக்க வணக்கம்" (Antarikka Vaṇakkam) - This is a polite way to say "Welcome." It's often used when welcoming someone to your home or an event.

5. "வாழ்க" (Vāḻka) - This means "Live long" and is used to convey best wishes and blessings.

6. "குடியருவு" (Kuṭiyaru) - This is an informal way of asking "How are you?" It's commonly used among friends and family.

7. "நீங்கள் எப்படி இருக்கின்றீர்கள்?" (Nīṅkaḷ eppaṭi irukkiṉṟīrkaḷ?) - This is a formal way to ask, "How are you?" when addressing someone with respect.

8. "நன்பரே" (Nanbare) - This is a friendly way to address a close friend or buddy, somewhat akin to saying "Hey, friend."

9. "நன்றி" (Naṉṟi) - This is the Tamil word for "Thank you." You can use it to express gratitude.

10. "கோபம் இல்லை" (Kōpam illai) - This means "No anger" and can be used to apologize or express a desire for reconciliation.

11. "பிரியம்" (Piriyaṁ) - This is an affectionate term that means "love" or "affection." It's often used to express love for family members or close friends.

Remember that Tamil culture places a strong emphasis on respect and politeness, so using appropriate greetings and titles when addressing others is important. The level of formality in greetings can vary based on the relationship between individuals and the context of the conversation.