What's the difference between 이/가 (i/ga) and 을/를 (eul/reul)?

Understanding the Difference: 이/가 vs. 을/를

1. Subject Marker - 이/가 (i/ga):

• Usage:

  • 이 (i): Used after a consonant.
  • 가 (ga): Used after a vowel.

• Function:

  • Marks the subject of a sentence.
  • Emphasizes the subject's identity or presence.

• Example:

  • 나는 학생이에요 (Naneun haksaeng-i-e-yo): I am a student.
  • 그 친구가 예쁘다 (Geu chingu-ga yeppeuda): That friend is pretty.

2. Object Marker - 을/를 (eul/reul):

• Usage:

  • 을 (eul): Used after a consonant.
  • 를 (reul): Used after a vowel.

• Function:

  • Marks the object of a sentence.
  • Indicates the target of the action.

• Example:

  • 책을 읽어요 (Chaek-eul ilgeo-yo): I read a book.
  • 사과를 먹어요 (Sagwa-reul meogeo-yo): I eat an apple.

Practical Tips for Learners:

• Consistency is Key:

  • Practice using 이/가 for subjects and 을/를 for objects consistently in your sentences.

• Listen and Repeat:

  • Engage in listening exercises to familiarize yourself with the natural use of these particles in conversation.

• Context Matters:

  • Understand the context of the sentence to determine whether you need 이/가 for the subject or 을/를 for the object.

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