Explain the difference between character streams and byte streams.

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Introduction

As an adept tutor on UrbanPro.com, specializing in Advanced Placement (AP) coaching, I illuminate the disparities between character streams and byte streams in Java—a pivotal topic for AP students.

Character Streams

1. Definition

   • Text-Oriented: Handle characters, making them suitable for reading and writing textual data.
   • Unicode Encoding: Internally use Unicode, ensuring compatibility with international character sets.

2. Examples

   • FileReader, FileWriter: Read and write characters to files.
   • BufferedReader, BufferedWriter: Enhance efficiency with buffering capabilities.

Byte Streams

1. Definition

   • Binary Data: Operate on binary data, making them versatile for handling all types of files.
   • Low-Level Operations: Ideal for low-level input/output operations.

2. Examples

   • FileInputStream, FileOutputStream: Deal with binary data for files.
   • DataInputStream, DataOutputStream: Facilitate reading and writing primitive data types.

Key Differences

1. Data Handling

   • Character Streams: Ideal for text-oriented data handling.
   • Byte Streams: Versatile for handling binary data.

2. Encoding

   • Character Streams: Internally use Unicode encoding.
   • Byte Streams: Directly deal with binary data without encoding.

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Conclusion

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