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Asked by Samadhan Last Modified
Answer 
Tasneem
Criteria for deciding divisions in plants are:
(i) Differentiated/ Undifferentiated plant body
(ii) Presence/ absence of vascular tissues
(iii) With/without seeds
(iv) Enclosed seeds/ seeds inside fruits
Criteria for deciding subgroups among animals are:
Kingdom Animalia is divided into two major groups on the basis of the presence or absence of a notochord.
Non-chordates do not possess a notochord, while all members of the phylum chordates possess a notochord.
Non-chordate is further divided into subgroups on the basis of the following features:
On the basis of the above features, non-chordates are divided into the following subgroups: Porifera, Coelenterate, Platyhelminthes, Nematodes, Annelids, Molluscs, Arthropoda, and Echinodermata.
All members of the phylum chordate possess a notochord. However, some animals such as Balanoglossus, Amphioxus, Herdmania, etc. have a notochord, which is either absent or does not run the entire length of the animal’s body. Therefore, these animals are kept in a separate sub-phylum called Protochordata, and the rest of the chordates are included in the sub-phylum vertebrata. The members of the sub-phylum vertebrata are advanced chordates. They are divided into five classes: Pisces, Amphibian, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia.
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