Why did Gandhi agree to a settlement of 25 per cent refund to the farmers?

Gandhi agreed to a settlement of 25% refund to the farmers during the Champaran Satyagraha for several reasons:

1. Partial Victory: The settlement represented a partial victory for the peasants. While they had initially demanded a complete refund of the illegal taxes and unfair rents they had been forced to pay, the British authorities agreed to provide a 25% refund as a concession. Gandhi recognized that this was a significant achievement and a step towards addressing the grievances of the peasants.

2. Compromise for Progress: Gandhi believed in the principle of compromise for the sake of progress. By accepting the 25% refund, he demonstrated a willingness to negotiate and find a middle ground that could lead to positive change. He recognized that achieving a partial refund was better than no refund at all, and it could serve as a foundation for further improvements in the peasants' conditions.

3. Maintaining Non-violence: Throughout the Champaran Satyagraha, Gandhi emphasized the importance of non-violence as a means of resistance. Accepting the settlement allowed him to resolve the conflict peacefully and without resorting to violence. By demonstrating the effectiveness of non-violent resistance, Gandhi sought to inspire others to follow a similar path in their struggles for justice.

4. Practical Considerations: Gandhi also took into account practical considerations, such as the need to bring the Satyagraha to a close and to prevent further escalation of tensions. Accepting the settlement helped to bring an end to the protests and allowed the peasants to receive some form of compensation for their losses.

Overall, Gandhi agreed to the settlement of 25% refund to the farmers as a strategic decision aimed at achieving tangible progress while upholding the principles of non-violence and negotiation. It represented a compromise that allowed for the resolution of the conflict and the possibility of further reforms in the future.