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Which method of refining will you suggest for an element in which impurities present have chemical properties close to the properties of that elements?
Asked by Sarath Last Modified
Answer 
Charlie
Zone refining is one of the methods of the refining of the ores. It is based on the principle that the impurities are more soluble in the melt of the metal than they are in the solid state of the metal. There is a circular mobile heater which is fixed at one end of the rod. The rod is made up of the impure metal. As the heater is moved forward, the impure metal melts in the part where the heater is temporarily placed. Thus, as the heater moves forward, the melt of the metal also moves forward, along with the heater, as the previous part of the metal condenses or solidifies as the heater moves away from it. Now, the impurities are not soluble in the solid part of the metal but instead, are soluble in the molten part of the metal. Thus the impurities keep on getting dissolved into the molten part of the metal and thus, as this melt keeps on moving forward as the adjacent part of the metal melts, the impurities also keep on moving forward. This process is repeated several times and thus eventually, the impurities get concentrated at one end of the rod. However, the process is repeated in the same direction so that the impurities get collected or concentrated in the same one end of the rod. Later, this part of the rod is cut off.
This method of refining is very useful for the removal of impurities from semi - conductors like Ge, Ga, Si, As, B, In, etc.. Also, it is useful for the refining of the metals of high purity.
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