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Explain the reason why Gallium has higher ionisation enthalpy than aluminium.

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Gallium -Ga -outermost valence shell electronic configuration-4s²4p?Aluminum-Al-outermost valence shell electronic configuration-3s²3p¹ Before valence shell configuration ,Ga 10 electrons are filled in d-orbitals which has poor shielding effect. so effective nuclear charge will increase...
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Gallium -Ga -outermost valence shell electronic configuration-4s²4p?
Aluminum-Al-outermost valence shell electronic configuration-3s²3p¹
 Before valence shell configuration ,Ga 10 electrons are filled in d-orbitals which has poor shielding effect. so effective nuclear charge will increase and hence Ga will be smaller in size than Al.
As nuclear charge is more, it is difficult to remove an electron from outermost shell of Ga, hence ionization energy is more than Al.

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