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A black and a red dice are rolled.
(a) Find the conditional probability of obtaining a sum greater than 9, given that the black die resulted in a 5.
(b) Find the conditional probability of obtaining the sum 8, given that the red die resulted in a number less than 4.
Asked by Ajit Last Modified
Answer 
Vishaka Bhutia
Home Tutor
Let the first observation be from the black die and second from the red die.
When two dice (one black and another red) are rolled, the sample space S has 6 × 6 = 36 number of elements.
Let
A: Obtaining a sum greater than 9
= {(4, 6), (5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
B: Black die results in a 5.
= {(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)}
∴ A ∩ B = {(5, 5), (5, 6)}
The conditional probability of obtaining a sum greater than 9, given that the black die resulted in a 5, is given by P (A|B).
P(A|B) = P(A∩B)P(B) = 236636 = 26 = 13PA|B = PA∩BPB = 236636 = 26 = 13
(b) E: Sum of the observations is 8.
= {(2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2)}
F: Red die resulted in a number less than 4.
The conditional probability of obtaining the sum equal to 8, given that the red die resulted in a number less than 4, is given by P (E|F).
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