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Asked by Vishvajeet Last Modified
Answer 
Vishaka Bhutia
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In an electron-deficient compound, the octet of electrons is not complete, i.e., the central metal atom has an incomplete octet. Therefore, it needs electrons to complete its octet.
(i) BCl3
BCl3 is an appropriate example of an electron-deficient compound. B has 3 valence electrons. After forming three covalent bonds with chlorine, the number of electrons around it increases to 6. However, it is still short of two electrons to complete its octet.
(ii) SiCl4
The electronic configuration of silicon is ns2np2. This indicates that it has four valence electrons. After it forms four covalent bonds with four chlorine atoms, its electron count increases to eight. Thus, SiCl4 is not an electron-deficient compound.
read lessThe species, which have less than 8 electrons in the valence shell or the species, which have 8 valence electrons, but has empty d orbitals, so that the covalency can be spread beyond 4, are called as electron deficient species.
BCl3 is electron deficient compound because boron has only 6 valence electron and is short of 2 electrons. Therefore it can accept a pair of electrons from nucleophiles. SiCl4 is not electron deficient compound because silicon has 8 valence electrons. It cannot spread its covalency beyond 4 because silicon doesn’t have d- orbitals.
read lessRelated Questions
(a) diamond (b) graphite
(c) fullerenes (d) coal
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