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Asked by Akhileshwar Last Modified
Answer 
Harshit Bhardwaj
Similarities between lithium and magnesium are as follows.
(i) Both Li and Mg react slowly with cold water.
(ii) The oxides of both Li and Mg are much less soluble in water and their hydroxides decompose at high temperature.
(iii) Both Li and Mg react with N2 to form nitrides.
(iv) Neither Li nor Mg form peroxides or superoxides.
(v) The carbonates of both are covalent in nature. Also, these decompose on heating.
(vi) Li and Mg do not form solid bicarbonates.
(vii) Both LiCl and MgCl2 are soluble in ethanol owing to their covalent nature.
(viii) Both LiCl and MgCl2 are deliquescent in nature. They crystallize from aqueous solutions as hydrates, for example, 
and 
.
Lithium and Magnesium have similarities in chemical behaviour and this relation is known as
‘DIAGONAL RELATIONSHIP’. Some similarities are:
1) Both form monoxides with O2.
2LiOH → Li2O + H2O
Mg(OH)2 → MgO + H2O
2) Both form nitrides with Nitrogen.
6Li + N2→ 2Li3N
3Mg + N2→ Mg3N2
3) Both elements have tendency to form covalent compounds.
4) Both form complex compounds.
5) Neither Li nor Mg form peroxides or superoxide.
6) Li and Mg do not form solid bicarbonates.
7) Both LiCl and MgCl2 are soluble in ethanol owing to their covalent nature.
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