What is Agile or Agile methodology?

Agile, or Agile methodology, refers to an iterative and incremental approach to project management and software development that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction. Agile methodologies prioritize delivering small, functional pieces of software or increments in short timeframes, allowing for rapid adaptation to changing requirements and feedback. The Agile approach is guided by the values and principles outlined in the Agile Manifesto, which was introduced in 2001 by a group of software developers.

The Agile Manifesto values are:

1. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools.
2. Working software over comprehensive documentation.
3. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation.
4. Responding to change over following a plan.

The Agile Manifesto also includes 12 guiding principles that further elaborate on the values and provide a foundation for Agile methodologies.

Common Agile methodologies and frameworks include:

1. Scrum: A widely used Agile framework that organizes work into fixed-length iterations called sprints. Scrum includes roles like Scrum Master, Product Owner, and Development Team, as well as ceremonies like Sprint Planning and Daily Scrum meetings.

2. Kanban: A visual management method that helps teams visualize their work on a Kanban board. Work items move through different stages, and the team sets limits on work in progress (WIP).

3. Extreme Programming (XP): An Agile methodology that focuses on technical excellence and collaboration. XP practices include pair programming, test-driven development (TDD), and continuous integration.

4. Lean Software Development: Adapted from Lean manufacturing principles, this Agile method emphasizes delivering value, eliminating waste, and continuous improvement.

5. Feature-Driven Development (FDD): An iterative and incremental approach that focuses on building features that deliver value to the customer. FDD is particularly suited for larger projects.

6. Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM): An Agile framework that provides a set of principles and practices for project management and software development, aiming to deliver projects on time and within budget while maintaining quality.

7. Crystal: A family of Agile methodologies, each tailored to specific project characteristics. Crystal emphasizes frequent delivery, high user involvement, and simplicity.

8. Adaptive Software Development (ASD): An Agile framework that focuses on constant adaptation and collaboration, allowing for changes as the project progresses.

Agile methodologies aim to enhance collaboration, adaptability, and the ability to respond to customer needs quickly. They are widely used not only in software development but also in various industries where iterative and flexible approaches are beneficial.