The answer to this question depends on -- What is the intended application/use?

Applications/use cases where C++ is prefered include: system level applications; speed and efficiency are of utmost importance; ease of providing bindings to other languages; low level manipulation; low spec microprocessor/ microcontroller.

Applications/use cases where Python is prefered include: interactive data manipulation/visualization; ease of use/  availability of good libraries; high spec computer where speed is not much of an issue.

Beyond all of these however, there is also a matter of personal taste. You do you :-)

You might be familiar with the following simple way to define the main function:

int main() {
/* blah blah */
}
but, the more general way to define main is as follows

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
/* blah blah */
}

Suppose you compile this file into say a.out, and then if you execute the program from the terminal (command prompt) as follows
> ./a.out Hello World

the words Hello, and World are called as command-line arguments, and a.out is the executable (or program).

When executed as mentiond above, the values of argc and argv that the main function recieves would be as follows:

argc gets a value of 3 (the length of the argv array)

argv[0] points to a string with contents "./a.out"

argv[1] points to a string with contents "Hello"

and argv[2] points to a string with contents "World"

Within the main function, you can program different behaviours depending on these variables.

Learn by doing:

Compile the following and execute it with different command-line arguments to see it in action:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

    int i = 0;

    for(i = 0; i < argc; i++)

        printf("%s\n", argv[i]);

    return 0;

}