The Class 10 CBSE Mathematics curriculum is meticulously designed to strengthen students' mathematical understanding and problem-solving abilities. It primarily covers six fundamental units: 

1. **Number Systems**: Focuses on real numbers, irrational numbers, and their decimal expansions, fostering a comprehensive understanding of numerals.

2. **Polynomials**: Introduces students to polynomial expressions, their degrees, zeros, and factorization techniques, emphasizing algebraic manipulation.

3. **Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables**: Teaches methods to solve linear equations graphically and algebraically, including substitution and elimination methods.

4. **Quadratic Equations**: Covers the standard form of quadratic equations, their solutions using factorization, completing the square, and the quadratic formula.

5. **Introduction to Trigonometry**: Explores trigonometric ratios, identities, and their application in solving triangles, helping students understand the relationship between angles and sides.

6. **Statistics and Probability**: Focuses on collecting, organizing, and interpreting data, alongside basic probability concepts, enabling students to analyze trends and make predictions.

The curriculum emphasizes practical applications through projects and real-life problem-solving. Assessment includes periodic tests, a mid-term exam, and a final board exam, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation. Overall, the Class 10 Mathematics course equips students with essential skills for higher education and everyday life, promoting logical reasoning and numerical proficiency.