1. Introduction

• Importance of Data Structures and Algorithms
• Basics of Python for DSA
• Big O Notation (Time and Space Complexity)

2. Arrays and Strings

• Arrays: Introduction, Operations (Insert, Delete, Traverse)
• Multi-dimensional Arrays
• Strings: Basics, Manipulations, Substrings, Pattern Matching (e.g., KMP Algorithm)

3. Lists and Linked Lists

• Singly Linked List
• Doubly Linked List
• Circular Linked List
• Common Operations (Insertion, Deletion, Traversal, Reversal)

4. Stacks and Queues

• Stack: Implementation (Using Lists, Linked List), Applications (Balanced Parentheses, Postfix Evaluation)
• Queue: Implementation (Simple Queue, Circular Queue, Priority Queue)
• Deque (Double-Ended Queue)

5. Recursion

• Basics of Recursion
• Tail Recursion
• Recursion vs Iteration
• Problems (Factorial, Fibonacci, Tower of Hanoi)

6. Trees

• Binary Trees: Basics, Traversals (Inorder, Preorder, Postorder)
• Binary Search Tree (BST): Insertion, Deletion, Search
• AVL Trees, Red-Black Trees (optional advanced topics)
• Heap: Min-Heap, Max-Heap
• Applications: Huffman Encoding, Priority Queue

7. Graphs

• Basics: Representation (Adjacency Matrix, List)
• Graph Traversals: BFS, DFS
• Shortest Path Algorithms: Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford
• Minimum Spanning Tree: Prim's, Kruskal's Algorithm
• Topological Sort
• Applications (Social Networks, Web Crawlers)

8. Hashing

• Hash Tables
• Hash Functions
• Collision Resolution Techniques (Chaining, Open Addressing)
• Applications (Anagrams, Frequency Count)

9. Searching and Sorting

• Searching Algorithms: Linear Search, Binary Search
• Sorting Algorithms:
  • Bubble Sort
  • Insertion Sort
  • Selection Sort
  • Merge Sort
  • Quick Sort
  • Heap Sort

10. Dynamic Programming

• Basics of Dynamic Programming (Memoization vs Tabulation)
• Problems:
  • Fibonacci
  • Longest Common Subsequence
  • Longest Increasing Subsequence
  • Knapsack Problem
  • Matrix Chain Multiplication

11. Greedy Algorithms

• Basics of Greedy Strategy
• Problems:
  • Activity Selection
  • Fractional Knapsack
  • Huffman Encoding
  • Minimum Spanning Tree (Prim's, Kruskal's)

12. Backtracking

• Basics of Backtracking
• Problems:
  • N-Queens Problem
  • Sudoku Solver
  • Subset Sum

13. Advanced Data Structures (Optional for Beginners)

• Trie
• Segment Trees
• Fenwick Tree (Binary Indexed Tree)
• Disjoint Set Union (Union-Find)