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Single Threaded Event Loop: Node.js operates on a single thread to handle incoming requests. While this might sound limiting, it's made efficient by the event loop and the non-blocking I/O model. Instead of waiting for operations like file reading, network requests, or database queries to complete, Node.js can handle multiple operations concurrently.
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Asynchronous Behavior: Node.js uses non-blocking I/O calls, meaning that when a request is made, it doesn't wait for the process to complete before moving on to the next request. Instead, it initiates the operation and attaches a callback function to be executed once the operation is complete.
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Event Loop: The event loop is the central part of Node.js’s asynchronous execution model. It’s responsible for continuously checking if any callbacks are ready to be executed (i.e., when I/O operations or other events have finished) and then invoking those callbacks at the appropriate time.
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Callback Functions: When a long-running operation is initiated, like reading from a file or making an HTTP request, Node.js attaches a callback function to the operation. The callback will only execute once the operation is completed. This allows Node.js to process other requests while waiting for the results of one.
