Learn Intext Exercise 3.1 with Free Lessons & Tips

In the given reaction, sodium carbonate reacts with ethanoic acid to produce sodium ethanoate, carbon dioxide, and water.

Mass of sodium carbonate = 5.3 g (Given)

Mass of ethanoic acid = 6 g (Given)

Mass of sodium ethanoate = 8.2 g (Given)

Mass of carbon dioxide = 2.2 g (Given)

Mass of water = 0.9 g (Given)

Now, total mass before the reaction = (5.3 + 6) g

= 11.3 g

And, total mass after the reaction = (8.2 + 2.2 + 0.9) g

= 11.3 g

∴Total mass before the reaction = Total mass after the reaction

Hence, the given observations are in agreement with the law of conservation of mass.

It is given that the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen by mass to form water is 1:8.

Then, the mass of oxygen gas required to react completely with 1 g of hydrogen gas is 8 g.

Therefore, the mass of oxygen gas required to react completely with 3 g of hydrogen gas is 8 × 3 g = 24 g.

The postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory which is a result of the law of conservation of mass is:

Atoms are indivisible particles, which can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

The postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory which can explain the law of definite proportion is:

The relative number and kind of atoms in a given compound remains constant.