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If a line makes angles 90°, 135°, 45° with x, y and z-axes respectively, find its direction cosines.
Let direction cosines of the line be l, m, and n.
Therefore, the direction cosines of the line are
Find the direction cosines of a line which makes equal angles with the coordinate axes.
Let the direction cosines of the line make an angle α with each of the coordinate axes.
∴ l = cos α, m = cos α, n = cos α
Thus, the direction cosines of the line, which is equally inclined to the coordinate axes, are 
If a line has the direction ratios −18, 12, −4, then what are its direction cosines?
If a line has direction ratios of −18, 12, and −4, then its direction cosines are
Thus, the direction cosines are
.
Show that the points (2, 3, 4), (−1, −2, 1), (5, 8, 7) are collinear.
The given points are A (2, 3, 4), B (− 1, − 2, 1), and C (5, 8, 7).
It is known that the direction ratios of line joining the points, (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2), are given by, x2 − x1, y2 − y1, and z2 − z1.
The direction ratios of AB are (−1 − 2), (−2 − 3), and (1 − 4) i.e., −3, −5, and −3.
The direction ratios of BC are (5 − (− 1)), (8 − (− 2)), and (7 − 1) i.e., 6, 10, and 6.
It can be seen that the direction ratios of BC are −2 times that of AB i.e., they are proportional.
Therefore, AB is parallel to BC. Since point B is common to both AB and BC, points A, B, and C are collinear.
Find the direction cosines of the sides of the triangle whose vertices are (3, 5, − 4), (− 1, 1, 2) and (− 5, − 5, − 2)
The vertices of ΔABC are A (3, 5, −4), B (−1, 1, 2), and C (−5, −5, −2).
The direction ratios of side AB are (−1 − 3), (1 − 5), and (2 − (−4)) i.e., −4, −4, and 6.
Therefore, the direction cosines of AB are
The direction ratios of BC are (−5 − (−1)), (−5 − 1), and (−2 − 2) i.e., −4, −6, and −4.
Therefore, the direction cosines of BC are
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