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Glucose or sucrose are soluble in water but cyclohexane or benzene (simple six membered ring compounds) are insoluble in water. Explain.
A glucose molecule contains five −OH groups while a sucrose molecule contains eight −OH groups. Thus, glucose and sucrose undergo extensive H-bonding with water.
Hence, these are soluble in water.
But cyclohexane and benzene do not contain −OH groups. Hence, they cannot undergo H-bonding with water and as a result, are insoluble in water.
What are the expected products of hydrolysis of lactose?
Lactose is composed of β-D galactose and β-D glucose. Thus, on hydrolysis, it gives β-D galactose and β-D glucose.
How do you explain the absence of aldehyde group in the pentaacetate of D-glucose?
D-glucose reacts with hydroxylamine (NH2OH) to form an oxime because of the presence of aldehydic (−CHO) group or carbonyl carbon. This happens as the cyclic structure of glucose forms an open chain structure in an aqueous medium, which then reacts with NH2OH to give an oxime.
But pentaacetate of D-glucose does not react with NH2OH. This is because pentaacetate does not form an open chain structure.
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