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Balance the following chemical equations.
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
The above reaction is an example of a
(a) combination reaction.
(b) double displacement reaction.
(c) decomposition reaction.
(d) displacement reaction.
This is an example of a Displacement reaction.
in feric oxide Fe is get repaced by Al
Which of the statements about the reaction below are incorrect?
(a) Lead is getting reduced.
(b) Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised.
(c) Carbon is getting oxidised.
(d) Lead oxide is getting reduced.
(i) (a) and (b)
(ii) (a) and (c)
(iii) (a), (b) and (c)
(iv) all
a and b are incorrect
removal of oxygen is reduction and addition of oxygen is oxidation.
Pbo getting reduced.
Pb get oxidised
C get oxidised
CO2 get reduced
What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings? Tick the correct answer.
(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
(b) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced.
(c) No reaction takes place.
(d) Iron salt and water are produced.
(a)hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced . since Fe has more negative electrode potential when compared with H
Fe+2HCl→+
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions.
(a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water
(b) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
(c) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
(d) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate +
Potassium chloride
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
A shiny brown-coloured element ‘X’ on heating in air becomes black in colour. Name the element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.
X=Cu, Cu is shiny brown colored element
black color compound=CuO
reaction is as follows
2Cu+O→2CuO
What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced?
A balanced chemical equation contained equal number of atoms of all elements on both sides of equation.and also the net electron transfer between atoms must be zero
Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of reaction in each case.
(a)Potassium bromide (aq) + Barium iodide (aq) → Potassium iodide (aq) +
Barium bromide(s)
(b) Zinc carbonate (s) → Zinc oxide (s) + Carbon dioxide (g)
(c) Hydrogen (g) + Chlorine (g) → Hydrogen chloride (g)
(d) Magnesium (s) + Hydrochloric acid (aq) → Magnesium chloride (aq) + Hydrogen (g)
(a) 
Double displacement reaction
(b) 
; Decomposition reaction
(c) 
Combination reaction
(d) 
Displacement reaction
What does one mean by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.
Chemical reactions that release energy in the form of heat, light, or sound are called exothermic reactions.
Example: Mixture of sodium and chlorine to yield table salt
In other words, combination reactions are exothermic.
Reactions that absorb energy or require energy in order to proceed are called endothermic reactions.
For example: In the process of photosynthesis, plants use the energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose and oxygen.
Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction? Explain.
Energy is required to support life. Energy in our body is obtained from the food we eat. During digestion, large molecules of food are broken down into simpler substances such as glucose. Glucose combines with oxygen in the cells and provides energy. The special name of this combustion reaction is respiration. Since energy is released in the whole process, it is an exothermic process.
Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
Decomposition reactions are those in which a compound breaks down to form two or more substances. These reactions require a source of energy to proceed. Thus, they are the exact opposite of combination reactions in which two or more substances combine to give a new substance with the release of energy.
Decomposition reaction: 
Combination reaction: 
Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light or electricity.
(a) Thermal decomposition:
(b) Decomposition by light:
(c) Decomposition by electricity:
What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
In a displacement reaction, a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element from a compound.
where A is more reactive than B
In a double displacement reaction, two atoms or a group of atoms switch places to form new compounds.
For example:
Displacement reaction:
Double displacement reaction:
In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involved displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.
here Ag is displaced by Cu
+Cu→Cu(
+Ag
2+Cu→Cu(
+2Ag
What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving examples.
A reaction in which precipitate is formed is called A precipitation reaction. the precipitate is some insoluble salt or compound.
Eg:
Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each.
(a) Oxidation
(b) Reduction
(a) oxidation reaction is a reaction in which gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen takes place.
eg:
2Mg(s)+O(g)→2MgO(s)
oxygen is getting added to Mg. hence Mg is oxidised into MgO
2Cu(s)+O(g)→2CuO(s)
oxygen is getting added to Cu. hence Cu is oxidised into CuO
(b)
reduction reaction is a reaction in which loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen takes place.
eg:
CuO+H→Cu+H
O
During the reaction oxygen is get removed from CuO, hence reduction of CuO takes place
ZnO+C→Zn+CO
During the reaction oxygen is get removed from ZnO, hence reduction of ZnO takes place
Why do we apply paint on iron articles?
When iron particles come in contact with moisture and air, rusting will starts. To prevent this rusting we can apply paint on it, thus contact between iron article and atmosphere cut off. it acts as a layer between these two
Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why?
Nitrogen is an inert gas and does not easily react with these substances. On the other hand, oxygen reacts with food substances and makes them rancid. Thus, bags used in packing food items are flushed with nitrogen gas to remove oxygen inside the pack. When oxygen is not present inside the pack, rancidity of oil and fat containing food items is avoided.
Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them.
(a) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia.
(b) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide.
(c) Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and a precipitate of barium sulphate.
(d) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
Explain the following terms with one example each.
(a) Corrosion
(b) Rancidity
(a) Corrosion:
Corrosion is defined as a process where materials, usually metals, deteriorate as a result of a chemical reaction with air, moisture, chemicals, etc.
For example, iron, in the presence of moisture, reacts with oxygen to form hydrated iron oxide.
This hydrated iron oxide is rust.
(b) Rancidity:
The process of oxidation of fats and oils that can be easily noticed by the change in taste and smell is known as rancidity.
For example, the taste and smell of butter changes when kept for long.
Rancidity can be avoided by:
1. Storing food in air tight containers
2. Storing food in refrigerators
3. Adding antioxidants
4. Storing food in an environment of nitrogen
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