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Guitar strings can be made from a variety of materials, including metal, nylon, and fluorocarbon polymers:

Metal: Electric guitar strings are often made from ferrous alloys, such as nickel-plated steel, high-carbon steel, and low-carbon steel, because they contain iron and are magnetic. This allows them to interact well with the guitar's pickups. Acoustic guitar strings can also be made from metal, such as brass, bronze, or steel. For example, 80/20 bronze strings are made from 80% copper and 20% zinc, while phosphor bronze strings are similar but contain an added phosphor element that makes them last longer.

Nylon: Nylon strings are soft and smooth, making them easy on the fingers. They are often used for classical guitars, which were originally made with animal intestine and silk until Albert Augustine Ltd. developed nylon strings in 1948.

Fluorocarbon polymers: These are a more modern alternative to nylon strings.