Shreyash Gupta

The oldest form of composition in Hindustani vocal music is Dhrupad. Originating in medieval India, it has a rich tradition dating back to the 15th century. Dhrupad compositions are characterized by their solemn and majestic style, often performed in slow tempos and featuring elaborate improvisations within a structured framework

Lullabies: Songs like “Langan Bata Bata,” “Bua,” “Yadadang,” and “Uyug-uyug” soothe infants.
Wedding Songs: “Sinda-ay” celebrates unions.
Death Songs: “Dekir” serves as a dirge.
Religious Chants: Examples include “Salathul Juma” and “Tarawe” for Islamic rituals. Additionally, epic chants like “Darangen” and “Indarapatra” hold cultural significance.

Swaras (Notes): These are the building blocks of melody, including seven primary notes: Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni.
Ragas (Melodic Themes): Ragas form the heart and soul of Hindustani music, providing a wide spectrum of melodic possibilities.
Taal (Rhythm): Taal serves as the rhythmic backbone, creating intricate patterns and cycles.
Alankaar (Ornamentation): Alankaar refers to the embellishments and ornaments that enhance the music.
Improvisation: Hindustani vocalists skillfully blend these elements to create soul-stirring melodies, ranging from soothing to exhilarating1. Additionally, performances often follow a specific format, including alap (introduction), vilambit (slow composition), and faster compositions in different raags (melodic structures)