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Superposition Principle Of Forces: Physics

M
Muthumanimaran
08/07/2017 0 0

 Here I am going to explain superposition principle of forces with an heuristic approach.  

Let us do a simple experiment.  See the above image.  Suppose an object of heavy mass is pulled up by a person (P1).  Let the force of pulling is F1, the force is a measurable quantity (first measure the mass of the object and measure the acceleration of the object and multiply both to get F1), Suppose the same object is pulled up by another person (P2), the force of pulling by P2 is F2 (again measure acceleration and multiply with mass of the object to get F2),  now the object is pulled by persons P1 and P2 with the same force as earlier they pulled up individually, experience tells us that the object is pulled up fast if the object is pulled up two persons rather than one.  The total force if you measure will be equal to the sum of individual forces (F1+F2=Ftotal) exerted to pull up the object.  If there are more than two persons, the total force acting on the object is equal to the sum of the forces exerted to pull up the object.  This is the superposition principle of forces.  Since force is a general concept, the superposition principle can be generalised to any force. If there are 'n' number of charges and a unit test charge in a system, if you are asked to find the force experienced by the 'n' charges on the unit test charge, first individually find the force exerted by the 'n' charges on the unit test charge and sum it up.

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