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Asked by Saritha Last Modified
Answer 
Harshit Bhardwaj
(a) De Broglie wavelength =
; neutron is not suitable for the diffraction experiment
Kinetic energy of the neutron, K = 150 eV
= 150 × 1.6 × 10−19
= 2.4 × 10−17 J
Mass of a neutron, mn = 1.675 × 10−27 kg
The kinetic energy of the neutron is given by the relation:
Where,
v = Velocity of the neutron
mnv = Momentum of the neutron
De-Broglie wavelength of the neutron is given as:
It is given in the previous problem that the inter-atomic spacing of a crystal is about 1 Å, i.e., 10−10 m. Hence, the inter-atomic spacing is about a hundred times greater. Hence, a neutron beam of energy
150 eV is not suitable for diffraction experiments.
(b) De Broglie wavelength = 
Room temperature, T = 27°C = 27 + 273 = 300 K
The average kinetic energy of the neutron is given as:
Where,
k = Boltzmann constant = 1.38 × 10−23 J mol−1 K−1
The wavelength of the neutron is given as:
This wavelength is comparable to the inter-atomic spacing of a crystal. Hence, the high-energy neutron beam should first be thermalised, before using it for diffraction.
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