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Asked by Bimal Last Modified
Answer To determine which element contains the greatest number of atoms, we can use the concept of molar mass and Avogadro's number.
Molar mass (M) is the mass of one mole of a substance, and Avogadro's number (Nₐ) is the number of atoms, molecules, or particles present in one mole of a substance. Avogadro's number is approximately6.022×10 23 particles/mol.
First, let's calculate the number of moles for each given mass of the elements using the formula:
Number of moles=Given massMolar massNumber of moles=Molar massGiven mass
Then, we can calculate the number of atoms for each element using the formula:
Number of atoms=Number of moles×Avogadro’s numberNumber of atoms=Number of moles×Avogadro’s number
Now, let's perform the calculations for each option:
(a) For 4g He: Number of moles=4 g4.0026 g/mol≈0.9996 molNumber of moles=4.0026g/mol4g≈0.9996mol Number of atoms=0.9996×6.022×1023≈6.027×1023Number of atoms=0.9996×6.022×1023≈6.027×1023
(b) For 46g Na: Number of moles=46 g22.9898 g/mol≈2.0003 molNumber of moles=22.9898g/mol46g≈2.0003mol Number of atoms=2.0003×6.022×1023≈1.2042×1024Number of atoms=2.0003×6.022×1023≈1.2042×1024
(c) For 0.40g Ca: Number of moles=0.40 g40.078 g/mol≈0.009978 molNumber of moles=40.078g/mol0.40g≈0.009978mol Number of atoms=0.009978×6.022×1023≈6.0085×1021Number of atoms=0.009978×6.022×1023≈6.0085×1021
(d) For 12g He: Number of moles=12 g4.0026 g/mol≈2.996 molNumber of moles=4.0026g/mol12g≈2.996mol Number of atoms=2.996×6.022×1023≈1.8026×1024Number of atoms=2.996×6.022×1023≈1.8026×1024
Comparing the calculated number of atoms for each option, we find that:
The greatest number of atoms is present in 12 g He (Option d).
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