Timeloop Game Academy

Every variable that you create in your code requires some memory (on RAM) to store its value. For example, when you create an integer in C++, the system reserves 2 bytes in RAM to store the value of the integer. Every variable can be located internally by the system using an address called memory-address (it is a binary number). If you want to pass a variable as a functions argument, there are two ways, it can be done: 1) Pass by value. Here the value of the variable being passed is copied into the function's parameter variable. Example: Suppose we have a function void add(int a, int b); In main function, we call the function such as: int x = 5, y = 6; add(x, y); Now here, when the function is called, the values of x and y (5 and 6) are copied into the function's parameters a and b. This means that if you change the values of a and b inside the function's code, then x and y are not affected. 2) Pass by reference When we pass a variable by reference the address of the variable being passed is copied into the function's parameter. Example: Suppose we have a function void add(int &a, int &b); In main function, if we call it using the same code: int x = 5, y = 6; add(x,y); then, only the reference of x and y will be passed to a and b instead of copying the values. Hence, a and b will use the same memory location of x and y to access or change its values. This means that if you change the value of a inside the function, then it will change the value of variable x of main function. Similarly changing value of b will change y of main. Long answer, but I hope I have managed to explain you the difference. Feel free to contact me if you have any doubts. :)

Short answer: Any of Android-Java, C++ or C# Long answer: Android games can be developed using Android-Java. But if a game company develops a game in Java then they will have to write the same code again for getting the game onto other platforms such as iOS, Windows and Web. So they prefer writing the game code in C++ or C# as the same code can then be used to bring the game on other platforms with minimum effort. I hope I have answered your query, well. Do ask if you have any doubts. :)