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Reflexive Verben Theorie - EXPLAINED IN ENGLISH

Gayathri Elumalai
12/08/2023 0 0

Aim of this section is to learn how to use reflexive verbs.

 

German

English

Ich erinnere mich an den Urlaub. Sie interessiert sich für Deutsch. Wir freuen uns auf November.

I remember the holiday. She is interested in German.

We are looking forward to November.

 

 

 
   

 

 

What are "reflexive Verben"?

 
   

 

 

 

example 1:

 

  • Ichwasche mich jeden (I wash myself every day.)

 

"Ich" is the subject of the sentence. I'm acting. I wash. "waschen" is the reflexive verb of the sentence.

"mich" (=> ich) is the object of the sentence. Someone does something with me. Somebody washes me.

 

 

example 2:

 

  • Ichkonzentriere mich auf das (I concentrate on the exam.)

 

"Ich" is the subject of the sentence. I'm acting. I concentrate. "konzentrieren" is the reflexive verb of the sentence.

"mich" (=> ich) is the object of the sentence although I must admit that's quite difficult to understand because how can somebody or something "being concentrated"?

It's logical that somebody can wash me or move me or shave me but concentrate me???

 

 

Well this leads us to the insight that:

 
   

 

 

 

Which are the reflexive pronouns?

 

Nominativ

Dativ

Akkusativ

Deutsch

Englisch

Deutsch

Englisch

ich

mir

(myself)

mich

(myself)

du

dir

(yourself)

dich

(yourself)

er

sich

(himself)

sich

(himself)

sie

sich

(herself)

sich

(herself)

es

sich

(itself)

sich

(itself)

wir

uns

(ourselves)

uns

(ourselves)

ihr

euch

(yourselves)

euch

(yourselves)

sie

sich

(themselves)

sich

(themselves)

 

If you check the chart carefully you see that the reflexive pronouns are almost the same as the personal pronouns. Just the er/sie/es and the sie (pl.) form is new to you.

 

 

Dative or Accusative?

 

The next question is how do you know

if the reflexive pronoun takes the dative case or the accusative case.

 
   

 

 

 

There is even an easier way to find out the case.

 
   

 

 

examples:

 

  • Ich wasche mich. (I wash )
  • Ich wasche mir die Hände. (I wash my hands.)

 

In the first example there is just one object (mich=direct object). So, the reflexive pronoun must take the accusative.

In the second example there are two objects: "mir" (=indirect object) and "Hände" (=direct object). So, the reflex pronoun must take the dative.

 

 

 

Word order of reflexive pronouns

 

In statements the reflexive pronoun follows the conjugated verb (=main verb in typ1-sentences / =helping verb in typ2-sentences).

 

examples:

 

  • Ich dusche mich (I take a shower in the evenings.)
  • Er bewegt sich sehr langsam. (He moves very )

 

  • Ich habe mir die Haare (I washed my hair.)
  • Wir haben uns gestern (We met yesterday.)

 

 

In questions the reflexive pronoun follows the subject.

 

examples:

 

  • Rasierst du dich jeden Tag? (Do you shave every day?)
  • Erinnert ihr euch an Joy? (Do you remember Joy?)

 

  • Hast du dir die Zähne geputzt? (Have you brushed your teeth?)
  • Habt ihr euch erholt? (Have you recovered?)

 

 

 

 

German

 

English

 

sich anhören (D)

 

listen to

 

sich ansehen (D)

 

watch

 

sich ärgern (A)

 

be angry

 

sich bedanken (A)

 

thank

 

sich beeilen (A)

 

hurry

 

sich benehmen (A)

 

behave

 

sich befinden (A)

 

be located

 

sich beschweren (A)

 

complain

 

sich bewegen (A)

 

move

 

sich bewerben (A)

 

apply

 

sich entscheiden (A)

 

decide

 

sich entschuldigen (A)

 

excuse

 

sich entspannen (A)

 

relaxe

 

sich erholen (A)

 

recover

 

sich erinnern (A)

 

remember

 

sich fragen (A)

 

wonder

 

sich freuen (A)

 

look forward to

 

sich (krank/wohl) fühlen (A)

 

fell (sick/well)

 

sich gewöhnen (A)

 

get used

 

sich hinlegen (A)

 

lie down

 

sich interessieren (A)

 

be interested

 

sich kaufen (D)

 

buy oneself

 

sich kochen (D)

 

cook oneself

 

sich konzentrieren (A)

 

concentrate

 

sich langweilen (A)

 

be bored

 

sich leisten (D)

 

afford

 

sich merken (D)

 

keep in mind

 

sich setzen (A)

 

sit down

 

sich treffen (A)

 

meet

 

sich überlegen (A)

 

think about

 

 

general verbs

 

 

sich unterhalten (A)

 

talk

 

sich verbessern (A)

 

improve

 

sich verlassen (A)

 

rely

 

sich verlieben (A)

 

fall in love

 

sich verloben (A)

 

become engaged

 

sich verspäten (A)

 

be late

 

sich verstehen (A)

 

get along

 

sich vorbereiten (A)

 

prepare / get ready

 

sich vorstellen (D)

 

imagine / introduce

 

sich wundern (A)

 

be amazed

 

sich wünschen (D)

 

wish

 

 

 

special verbs to describe the daily routine

 

 

German

 

English

 

sich abtrocknen (A)

 

dry off

 

sich anziehen (A)

 

get dressed

 

sich ausziehen (A)

 

get undressed

 

sich baden (A)

 

take a bath

 

sich (die Haare) bürsten (D)

 

brush (one's hair)

 

sich duschen (A)

 

take a shower

 

sich (die Haare) föhnen (D)

 

blow dry (one's hair)

 

sich (die Haare) kämmen (D)

 

comb (one's hair)

 

sich rasieren (A)

 

shave

 

sich (die Beine) rasieren (D)

 

shave (one's legs)

 

sich schminken (A)

 

put on makeup

 

sich umziehen (A)

 

change clothes

 

sich waschen (A)

 

wash oneself

 

sich (die Harre) waschen (D)

 

wash (one's hair)

 

sich (die Hände) waschen (D)

 

wash (one's hands)

 

sich (die Zähne) putzen (D)

 

brush (one's teeth)

 

I added in brackets the case (A) = accusative / (D) = dative.

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